Before you can travel to the USA from the UK, you’ll first need to establish the type of permission required to enter the US.  Your options will be determined by factors such as purpose of travel, length of stay, your employment status and previous immigration history.

For short-term travel, such as tourism or business, most UK travelers can use the Visa Waiver Program (VWP), which allows entry for up to 90 days without a visa. To utilize this program, travelers must obtain an Electronic System for Travel Authorization (ESTA) prior to their departure. The ESTA is an online application that verifies eligibility under the VWP and is typically valid for two years or until the passport expires.

For travelers who do not qualify for the VWP or plan to stay longer than 90 days, a visa is required. The most common type for tourism or visiting friends and family is the B-2 visitor visa. This visa requires an application through Form DS-160, an interview at a US embassy or consulate, and supporting documents such as proof of financial stability and evidence of ties to the UK to demonstrate an intention to return after the visit.

You must also ensure you understand and comply with any travel restrictions in force at the time you plan to travel.

We look at some of the more commonly used entry routes potentially available to British citizens looking to travel from the UK to the US.

 

ESTA & Visa-Free Travel to the USA

 

The UK is one of the countries from across the globe participating in the Visa Waiver Program (VWP). The VWP allows approved nationals of Visa Waiver Countries such as the UK to travel to the US without the requirement to apply for a US visa.

Eligibility requirements for travelling from the UK to the US via the VWP include the following:

 

a. You are a citizen or national of a Visa Waiver country (British citizens meet this requirement).

b. You hold an e-passport that is valid for a minimum of 6 months after the end of your visit to the US.

c. Your visit must be of a temporary nature and for the purpose of business-related activity, tourism or medical treatment, or for travelling through the US in transit to another country.

d. You have been approved through ESTA before leaving the UK.

 

The Electronic System for Travel Authorization (ESTA) is a security pre-screen mandatory for travel under the VWP. Each individual looking to travel under the VWP will need to apply separately for ESTA, this includes children.It is an online application process and you will not need to attend an interview at your local US embassy or consulate.

You should expect to receive a decision immediately but if more information is required, the response may take up to 72 hours. As such, you should try where possible to make your ESTA application no later than 72 hours before your departure to account for any processing delays.

If your application is successful, you will receive a confirmation email.

Where you are not eligible for ESTA, perhaps due to a prior criminal conviction or where your purpose of travel is not permitted under VWP, it will be necessary for you to apply for the relevant US visa.

 

UK to USA Visa Options

 

The US offers a range of US visa options:

 

 

Visa Name	Brief Description
B-2 visitor visa	For tourism or short-term medical treatment in the US.
B-1 visitor visa	For business visits, including attending meetings or negotiating contracts.
E-1 Treaty Trader visa	For individuals conducting substantial trade under treaty agreements.
E-2 Treaty Investor visa	For investors entering the US to develop and direct investments.
H-1B person in speciality occupation visa	For individuals employed in specialty occupations requiring specialized knowledge.
L-1 intracompany transferee visa	For employees transferring within their company to a US office.
O-1 individual with extraordinary ability or achievement visa	For individuals with exceptional skills in arts, sciences, or athletics.
F and M student visas	For students enrolled in academic or vocational programs.
J exchange visitor visa	For participants in cultural exchange programs or internships.
Family based visas	For immigration based on family relations to US citizens or residents.
Intercountry adoption visas	For international adoption of children by US citizens.
Employment visas	For immigrants sponsored by US employers.
Investor visas	For investors contributing significant funds to US businesses.
Special immigrant visas	For special categories, including religious workers and other specific groups.
Diversity visas	For immigrants selected through the Diversity Visa Lottery Program.

 

 

Visiting the US for Tourism

 

As a British citizen, your US visa options will largely new determined by the length of your stay and your reason for travel.

US visas comprise of non-immigrant visas for temporary visits to the US, and immigrant visas for persons who wish to stay in the US on a permanent basis.

Non-immigrant visas require a visa to be granted through your local US embassy or consulate. This will involve making an online application and attending an interview.

By comparison, the application process for an immigrant visa can be much more complicated and costly, requiring sponsorship from a US employer, US citizen or a family member who has permanent residence in the US.

In terms of reason for travel, most travelers to the US are visitors.

The B-2 tourist visa is a nonimmigrant visa designed for individuals who wish to travel to the US for tourism, vacation, or visits with family and friends. It allows the holder to stay in the US for a temporary period, typically up to six months, depending on the conditions set by US Customs and Border Protection at the port of entry. The B-2 visa is ideal for travelers looking to explore the US, participate in social events, or seek medical treatment.

To qualify for a B-2 tourist visa, applicants must demonstrate that they intend to visit the US temporarily and have strong ties to their home country that will compel them to return after their stay. This may include evidence of family relationships, stable employment, property ownership, or other economic and social ties. Additionally, applicants should have sufficient funds to cover their travel expenses and stay in the US without engaging in unauthorized employment or activities.

The process of applying for a B-2 visa begins with filling out Form DS-160, the online nonimmigrant visa application form. After completing the form, applicants need to pay the non-refundable visa application fee and schedule a visa interview at the nearest US embassy or consulate. During the interview, applicants must provide documentation such as their valid passport, proof of financial stability, and any other supporting materials that confirm their ties to their home country. The consular officer may ask questions about the purpose of the trip, travel itinerary, and plans upon returning home.

 

Traveling to the US for Work

 

US immigration rules distinguish between paid for employment and business-related activities. Business-related activities include visiting the US to attend a business conference or meeting with a business client, which can be conducted under the VWP (if the traveler is otherwise eligible) or under the B1 Visa. Employment, by comparison, requires an employment contract and a salary. Unless you are a US permanent resident or US citizen, you may only work in the US on a temporary basis through a non-immigrant visa, such as the L1 or H1B visas.

To take up permanent paid employment in the US, you must hold a Green Card and have the right to permanent residence in the US.

Employment visas are split into 4 main areas:

a. Petition-based temporary employment

 

These visas require sponsorship from an approved US employer and include the following visas:

• H1B, person in speciality occupation
• H2A, temporary agricultural worker
• H2B, temporary non agricultural worker
• H3, trainee or special education visitor
• L, intracompany transferee
• O, individual with extraordinary ability or achievement
• P1, P2 and P3, artists, performers and athletes
• Q1, participant in international cultural exchange programme

 

b. Exchange visitors

For participants on approved exchange programmes, such as teachers, professors or certain summer workers, the J visa is suitable.

 

c. Members of the foreign press and media

 

The I visa covers representatives of the foreign media, such as journalists, travelling to the US to work on a short-term basis. Their work in the US, however, must be linked to educational or informational media activities carried out on behalf of a foreign media organisation.

 

d. Treaty Trader or Treaty Investor

 

Where a country has a treaty of commerce and navigation with the US, their citizens may be eligible to apply for an E1 (Treaty Trader) or E2 (Treaty Investor) visa. The UK has such a treaty with the US.

The Treaty Trader visa is for the purpose of carrying out substantial trade between the US and, in this instance, the UK.

The Treaty Investor visa allows for the establishment or purchase of an enterprise in the US.

Such visas may also be used for employees of a Treaty Investor or Treaty Trader, or the related company.

 

 

USA Entry Requirements

 

UK citizens traveling to the US must have a valid passport. The passport must be valid for the entirety of the intended stay in the US. Unlike certain countries that require a passport to be valid for an additional six months beyond the planned stay, the US allows entry as long as the UK passport remains valid for the entire duration of the visit. Travelers should check the expiration date of their passport well in advance to avoid last-minute complications and, if necessary, renew it to meet the entry requirements.

The passport should be in good condition with no damage that could raise issues during inspection by US Customs and Border Protection officers. Additionally, it must have enough blank pages for entry and exit stamps. Ensuring that these conditions are met helps expedite the entry process and prevents unnecessary delays.

Overview of Mandatory Documents UK citizens must provide more than just a valid passport to gain entry to the US. Depending on the nature of the visit, certain documents are mandatory.

Other mandatory documents for travelers may include:

• Proof of Return Travel: Evidence of a return ticket or onward travel itinerary to show that the visitor plans to leave the US within the allowed period.
• Financial Documentation: Bank statements or other financial records to prove the traveler can financially support themselves during their stay.
• Travel Insurance: While not mandatory for entry, having comprehensive travel insurance is highly recommended to cover unexpected health or travel issues during the visit.

 

Staying informed and prepared with the correct documents ensures that UK citizens can enjoy a smooth entry process when visiting the US, whether for leisure, business, or other approved purposes.

 

UK to USA Security Screening

 

Regardless of whether you travel to the US under the Visa Waiver Program or a US visa, your personal background information will be examined (‘screened’) prior to you being granted entry to the USA.

You will be asked to supply information on:

 

• your identity, including your biometrics (fingerprints, photograph and signature)
• your family
• any previous visits to the US
• whether you belong to a clan or tribe
• whether you have travelled to other countries during the last 5 years
• membership of or connection with professional, social or charitable organisations
• military service
• membership of or connection with a paramilitary unit, vigilante unit, rebel group, guerrilla group or insurgent organisation
• criminal history
• involvement in terrorism, war crimes or genocide
• previous immigration violations
• involvement in espionage, sabotage, or export control violations

 

It is always advised to adhere to full disclosure in your responses. Misrepresentation amounts to visa fraud and can impact your current US immigration status and future USCIS applications.

 

Preparing to Travel to the USA

 

Admissibility

 

Whether you are travelling under the VWP or a visa, you will need to prove that you satisfy the grounds for admissibility. This includes meeting the good character requirement. This will raise issues for individuals with a criminal record. Take advice on your circumstances to understand how and if any criminal convictions could impact your eligibility and ability to enter the US. You may for example need to make an application for a waiver of admissibility.

 

Visa Processing Times

 

The processing time for your visa can vary between different US embassies or consulates, the type of visa you apply for and adjudicators’ caseload. Processing times , depending on their individual application process and their specific caseload. It is always advised to visit the embassy or consulate website for news on processing times.

 

Passport validity

 

Should you wish to visit the US, whether through ESTA or a visa, you are required to hold a current passport that is valid for the period of your visit.

In the case of an ESTA application, this must be an e-passport that is valid for 6 months after your date of departure from the US.

 

Booking Flights

 

When planning a trip from the UK to the US, booking flights strategically can save significant money and ensure a comfortable journey. To find the best deals, travelers should begin searching for flights several months in advance. Flexibility with travel dates and times can lead to better prices, as midweek flights and off-peak times are often more affordable. Comparing ticket prices on multiple travel booking sites and setting up price alerts can also help travelers track fluctuations and book when fares are lowest. Using incognito mode while browsing and opting for layover flights rather than direct ones may yield additional savings. Lastly, consider signing up for airline newsletters and loyalty programs for exclusive offers and points that can be redeemed for future travel.

 

Packing Essentials

 

Packing for a trip to the US involves more than just clothing and personal items. Travelers should ensure they have essential documents, such as a valid passport, ESTA approval or visa, and travel insurance information, readily accessible. Packing should also adhere to US customs guidelines, which restrict certain items such as fresh food, agricultural products, and large quantities of currency. Familiarize yourself with the US Customs and Border Protection (CBP) guidelines to avoid delays at the port of entry. It’s wise to pack essentials in carry-on luggage, including medication, electronics, and a change of clothes, in case checked baggage is delayed or lost. Keep in mind that liquids in carry-on luggage must adhere to the 3-1-1 rule: containers must be 3.4 ounces (100 milliliters) or smaller, fit in a 1-quart (1-liter) clear plastic bag, with one bag allowed per traveler.

 

Travel Insurance

 

Travel insurance is an important consideration for any trip to the US, given the high cost of medical care and potential for travel disruptions. Comprehensive travel insurance should include medical coverage, trip cancellation protection, lost or delayed baggage compensation, and coverage for unexpected events such as natural disasters or strikes. When choosing a policy, travelers should compare coverage options and read the fine print to understand what is included and excluded. Carry a copy of your insurance policy and contact information for the insurance provider during your trip.

 

Global entry

 

Global entry grants faster entry though border control for approved applicants at certain US airports.

As a UK citizen, you may be eligible for the Global Entry program when travelling from the UK to the US, regardless of whether you travel by US visa or through the Visa Waiver Program.

 

At the US Border

 

Many travelers assume that once they have obtained their ESTA approval or visa, they can freely enter the US. However, US Customs and Border Protection (CBP) officers at the port of entry have the authority to permit or deny entry based on a range of factors.

When travelers arrive at a US port of entry, CBP officers are responsible for verifying their identity, travel documents, and the legitimacy of their travel purpose. Even with a valid ESTA or visa, the officer will assess whether the traveler poses any risk to US security or intends to comply with the terms of their entry. Officers may conduct brief interviews and review documentation to confirm that the visitor’s stated reason for travel matches their entry status. This means travelers should be prepared to answer questions about the length of their stay, planned activities, and accommodations.

One common issue travelers face is applying for the wrong type of travel authorization. For example, individuals who plan to stay for extended periods or engage in activities beyond tourism or short business visits should not use an ESTA. Instead, they should apply for the appropriate visa, such as a B-2 visitor visa for longer leisure stays or other specialized visas for work or study. Ensuring that your travel permission aligns with your actual plans is essential for avoiding misunderstandings or potential denial of entry at the port.

Travelers should have all necessary documents on hand when arriving in the US to facilitate the entry process. These include a valid passport that covers the entire duration of their stay and any additional travel authorizations, such as an ESTA approval or a visa. It is also wise to carry printed copies of the return ticket or onward travel itinerary to demonstrate your intention to leave the US within the permitted timeframe. Proof of financial means, such as bank statements, can reassure CBP officers that you can support yourself during your stay without unauthorized employment.

For visitors staying with friends or family, an invitation letter that includes the host’s contact details and address can be helpful. Travelers planning business visits should have documents like conference invitations or meeting schedules available to verify the purpose of their trip. Having all documentation easily accessible can speed up the inspection process and demonstrate preparedness.

 

Need Assistance?

 

For specialist guidance on securing permission to travel to the US, speak to our US immigration attorneys.

 

Travel to USA from UK FAQs

 

What are the passport requirements for UK citizens traveling to the US?

UK citizens need a valid passport that covers the entire duration of their stay in the US. The passport should be in good condition and have blank pages for entry and exit stamps.

 

Do UK citizens need a visa to visit the US?

UK citizens can travel to the US for up to 90 days without a visa under the Visa Waiver Program (VWP) but must obtain an ESTA before departure. For stays longer than 90 days or for specific purposes, a visa is required.

 

What is an ESTA and how do I get one?

An ESTA is an Electronic System for Travel Authorization required for entry under the VWP. It can be obtained online by completing an application and paying the associated fee. The ESTA is usually valid for two years or until the passport expires.

 

How long can a UK citizen stay in the US without a visa?

Under the Visa Waiver Program, a UK citizen can stay in the US for up to 90 days for tourism or business purposes.

 

What documents are needed to enter the US?

UK travelers must have a valid passport and, if using the VWP, an approved ESTA. For travelers on a visa, additional documentation such as proof of financial support, a return ticket, and evidence of ties to the UK may be needed.

 

Is travel insurance required for UK citizens visiting the US?

Travel insurance is not required but is highly recommended. It helps cover unexpected medical expenses or travel disruptions during the visit to the US.

 

Can UK citizens renew their ESTA while in the US?

ESTA cannot be renewed while in the US. It must be applied for and approved before departure from the UK.

 

What happens if my passport expires while I am in the US?

If your passport expires while you are in the US, it may complicate your departure or re-entry plans. Ensure your passport is valid for your entire stay to avoid issues.

 

Glossary

 

Term	Definition
ESTA (Electronic System for Travel Authorization)	An online system that allows travelers from Visa Waiver Program countries to travel to the US for up to 90 days without a visa.
Visa Waiver Program (VWP)	A program that allows citizens of certain countries, including the UK, to travel to the US for tourism or business without a visa for stays of 90 days or less.
Passport	An official document issued by a government that certifies the holder’s identity and citizenship and allows them to travel internationally.
B-2 Visitor Visa	A type of nonimmigrant visa for individuals visiting the US for tourism, vacation, or to visit friends and family.
Customs Declaration Form	A form that travelers must complete when entering the US to declare goods and items they are bringing into the country.
US Customs and Border Protection (CBP)	A federal agency responsible for regulating and facilitating international trade, collecting import duties, and enforcing US regulations, including immigration and border control.
Travel Insurance	A policy that provides coverage for unforeseen events during travel, such as medical emergencies, trip cancellations, or lost luggage.
Return Ticket	Proof of a booked departure from the US that indicates a traveler’s intent to leave before the expiration of their travel authorization.
Immigration Officer	An official responsible for checking travelers’ documents and determining their eligibility for entry into the US at a port of entry.
COVID-19 Protocols	Health and safety measures, such as vaccination and testing requirements, that travelers may need to follow when entering the US.